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Oxandrolone Wikipedia
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Oxandrolone
Contents
Oxandrolone
<br>Oxandrolone is a synthetic anabolic-androgenic steroid derived from testosterone. It is known for its moderate anabolic effects and low androgenic activity, making it suitable for medical use in specific conditions.<br>
Medical uses
<br>It is prescribed to treat muscle wasting due to prolonged illness, malnutrition, or recovery after surgery. It also aids in weight gain following trauma and helps manage certain types of osteoporosis.<br>
Non-medical uses
<br>Non-medical use includes enhancement of athletic performance and bodybuilding, though these applications are not sanctioned by medical authorities due to associated risks.<br>
Contraindications
<br>Oxandrolone should not be used in patients with hypersensitivity, liver dysfunction, or pregnancy. It is also contraindicated in individuals with a history of cardiovascular issues or prostate cancer.<br>
Side effects
<br>Common side effects include acne, hair loss, and menstrual irregularities. Long-term use may lead to liver toxicity, increased cholesterol levels, and hormonal imbalances.<br>
Interactions
<br>Oxandrolone interacts with anticoagulants, diabetes medications, and other steroids. It may enhance the effects of insulin or reduce blood sugar control in diabetic patients.<br>
Pharmacology
<br>It acts as a selective anabolic agent, promoting protein synthesis while minimizing androgenic side effects. Its mechanism involves binding to androgen receptors and modulating metabolic pathways.<br>
Pharmacodynamics
<br>Oxandrolone increases muscle mass by enhancing nitrogen retention and red blood cell production. It also exhibits anti-catabolic properties, reducing protein breakdown in muscles.<br>
Steroid configuration
<br>The molecule contains a 5α-reduced structure and C17α-alkylation, which improves oral bioavailability and stability. These modifications distinguish it from other anabolic steroids.<br>
Pharmacokinetics
<br>It is well absorbed after oral administration, undergoes hepatic metabolism, and is excreted via urine and feces. Its half-life ranges from 8 to 12 hours in most individuals.<br>
Chemistry
<br>Oxandrolone has the chemical formula C21H30O3. It is a derivative of testosterone with structural modifications at carbon 5 and 17, enhancing its anabolic profile.<br>
History
<br>Developed in the 1960s by Searle (now part of Pfizer), it was initially marketed for medical use. Its application expanded over decades as research identified new therapeutic applications.<br>
Society and culture
<br>Oxandrolone is widely recognized in sports and bodybuilding communities, though its non-medical use remains controversial due to health risks and ethical concerns.<br>
Generic names
<br>The generic name is oxandrolone. It is also referred to as Anavar in some contexts.<br>
Brand names
<br>Common brand names include Anavar, Oxandrin, and others used in different regions for its medical applications.<br>
Availability
<br>Oxandrolone is available by prescription in most countries. Its distribution is tightly controlled due to potential misuse and abuse risks.<br>
United States
<br>In the U.S., it is classified as a Schedule III controlled substance, requiring a valid prescription for legal possession or use.<br>
Other countries
<br>Regulations vary globally. In some regions, it is available without prescription, while others enforce strict controls similar to U.S. standards.<br>
Legal status
<br>Oxandrolone is legally restricted in most countries due to its potential for abuse and health risks. Its use outside medical contexts often violates local laws.<br>
References
Medical literature on anabolic steroids
Pharmacological studies on Oxandrolone
External links

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